Apparatus for testing yarns or the like



APPARATUS FOR TESTING YARNS OR THE LIKE;

Filed March 28, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l g f I U L h Amf/ze y.

Jan. 22, 1935. H. DIETZ I 1,988,544

APPARATUS FORTESTING YARNS OR THE LIKE Filed March 28, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 2 Ea/1 6m Jgwtz,

Altomg.

Patented Jan. 22, 1935 yarn and formingthe sameinto 8.1100117. carryinga weighted body'i adapted to tear thefi'yarn when '-.a portion of reduced strength ispassed through'the apparatus. In "apparatusivof v this type the .loop is formed between a pair of feedrollers both connected with 'a driving mechanism. wIf ,:in-.-such apparatus the feed rollers are rotated at uniform circumferential velocity thev loop is gradually errlarged bythe stretchingwofe thethread so that the ,lweighted body is gradually i lowered, and; for

compensatinglsuch extension of sth'e loop it-Wh'as been-1 proposedwto L drive the "leading: feed I; roller at increased circumferential welocity; 'In one constructionia5 conical .feed roller is used :which is 1. adapted to be shifted rinzaxial: direction for placing the yarn on portions of: different diameter and-thus increasingitlie circumferential velocity an apparatusiheretofore constructed by :me hand-operated means are. provided for shifting the conical feed 101181? 1 :The ObjBCti'iOf the improvements is' -to provide apparatus :of this type in which thejconic'al feed roller is auto.- matically shifted in axial direction for varying the velocity of 'the- -lea'ding-end of the-thread-so that the =weighted body ismaintained at. constant levelfand with this object in -view myinvention consist's' 'ir'r 'providing =mechanism--controlledl by the'weighted body for shifting the conical-roller, thesaid' mechanism; beingadaptedto be thrown into operation by the weightedebody leaving its normal position and to be'thrown out; of operation either automatically 'or "at the beginning of .the return movement off the weighted body "or when thefweigl rtedl." body hasfben restored to i n f w .n o v v For t" 'e' purpose of 'exp'l ning theinvention "an example embodying; thi "same has been shown in the accompanying drawings jinwhich the same reference characters have been" used intv all: the views, .to indicate." corresOIidi Q parts said di'awmgs t .F a 49 hew lih a w l e -F g] -.-2 is 59 lPlant ie -lthe e l ih 1 9m? t remol we Fi .7- 3. a section l, ele on on. line; 3T3 .Q Fig. 2 showing the,.couplin g. device for; the oper ating mechanism, 7 A :is a sectional elevationtaken onitthe 1ine4l.-4ofiFig;.3; is i 1 i thre d 6 ins ro t nsion determine Rai;

, i' slfi .zand fi er an elevation showing ,apart of the couplinginem ber for connectingthe; mechanism for shifting hQ QQ WId m-Mith itsldrivin'g s a t- \v 1 Fig- 7 i fil tgpfplan view-withparts ;,omitted,"and F g, 8 is :a detail o f yarnicontrolling means l hcwni nixri l 1 we the examp I shown inthe figures :therappa; ratus comprises twopillarsfiO rising from a base plate Bland formed with brackets 52 a'ndn53. .On the (top part of the: pillars a shaft; 33; is mounted whichis axially 5 shiftabla; and on the said shaft a drum is loosely mounted :between if/W0 collars 7 3, 74. v The drum, comprises a conicalsection 34, fil y il dlfiqal; section 54 and;:a'-'pulley 5'5,:the said,

,being adapted to be rotated :from. a suitable source Q of power ;by; means :of 1 a. ibelti 56; The cylindrical, section 54 :is engagement i. with a roller; or ;friction- ,gear-;57. which :is yieldingly pressed against the sectioni 54* andnthesrollen or espectively a planl view and t pulley 5f7is yieldingly held; against a roller or i k-[emit h,.- @rn: o o l means; whereir theyarn to be testedis shown as passing between a row of pinsaf fixed1on=p1ate;60 and another row onion 2; rod :.a3.1after the. man ner of the well-known tortuousicdurs'e tension de vices. 1 Rod a issupportedi for reciprocation by a pin 11 and is connectd' throu'gli alever a 'to'o'ne arm 'of a, threearmed scale it"i provided at oneend with a Weight d and at the other with a murja7: i A -guide r ller" is fixedftofplate 5 1en'i!l i n a f idfnl te s ves to adius'tlthel ovterfe [and-servos, termine'the position I i le ipinsfliij 'l'he Y cofpr otherflsoiirceI01" Snpp1yji 1ee-betwee th e two et 'org ir flover m l-@33 v o 7 v, Y t w e r, t t. sews ei ngia ttai en ion wh qhc' =-m i i ie hr u hou ci ud si ed d by- -the adjustable weight I fer roller a rises and lever a m'oves counterclocb; wise, forcing rod a and pins a to the left so as to increase the friction of thethread on the a, a and so to increase the tension. in this way.

alterations of tension on the thread coming from the source of supply are compensated so that.

it is always under uniform tension as it'leaves the controlling means. counter shown at the top of posts 50 which counts the rotationsiof drumrse and "so measures'the length of 'thyambeingteged, i In the operationotthe apparatus the ya n to be tested is ipassed through the controlling fmeehanism 'mounted on the plate 60 and npwardly therefrom to the'cylindricalportion 54 of the drum where it is compressed between the said portion and .the ro1ler57; s'o that a regular amount of yarn is continuously passed through the testing {apparatus. From the cylindrical section 54- the'yarn is passed downwardly'and trained about the pulley 2 whereupon it is passed npwardlyaga'in over th'e roller .59 and the conical section 34, the roller '59 *pressingthe yarn against the said'con'ical section. The yarn leaving thesection- 34- is wound on the reel 58; TheaxleVS offricti'on gear 57 is mounted in'xa bearinglfi, which bearing is siidably mounted in a s1otfl7ofan-arm '78 on-the standard 50." A spring. .79, presses ag'ainst the slide-'76 whereby the; friction gear: 57' is yieldingiy pressed against thev drum 54. Another roller orfriction gear 80 bears againstfriction-g'ear 57- the axle 8l ofrolle'r 80 being J'ournaled in a second slide "76?: r The friction gear 80 is pressed 'again'stfriction-gear 57 by meansof a spring 79 bearingsagainstthe slide 76'. The axle; 81 ;at, itsvouter. end carries areel 58 and it will beevident that;the rotationofeithe re is c sed e eqrumlfitwhi h s e' ven by elt 56; t a ide-p the du eeigat nsr mitted to the 'reelfthlough .frictiongears 57., and 80 and the shaftfll. l'heaxle 59"? isjournaIed in a slide 59 'mountedin a'slot 9 ef e'n erm'se tithe front standard 50'5- A spring 779 "bearing against the slide 59 presses-the*rolier"59" against ,the drum 34.- 1 Normally the yarn will" pass through the testingapparatus in'e; regularWayJ-But ifa weakportion 'of the yarn passes through the apparatus it is broken by the tension imparted there to bytheweighte'd pulley 2. 7 By the. tension impartedgto the yarn by: the weighted pulley z thesaidyarnis stretched, so tha the pu l 2. end tomoved w w rdly and therefore means have been provided for. compensating the said stretching, andsuch; means consist in mechanism fors'hiftingthedrumfia 54in an axial direction so that the ams, ssed over por tions of varyingdianietefr of'thec ieaiseetieniae, and the lengthpf yarri f ed by the saideenieaisee tion is'varied as: compared to the constant feed er yarn by the cylindrical section 54'; In a, construction now iniusef" the shaft33 serews'i'n a screwthreaded bore er one er the" pillars 50" and it 1 is adapted tee turned by handfor-shifting the conical section 34. rhe than: 33 issiipported' by two upright standards 50 on the bed plate 51, the

This is also true of a.

' described.

The 'shaftl'33 is connected by a. belt gearing 32 with a shaft 23 mounted in suitable brackets 64 and 65 rising from the base plate 51. The rotation" of shaft 23 is transmitted to shaft 33 by means of belt gearing comprising pulleys 82 and 72 fixed to the respective shafts and connected by a. belt 32." On the'said shaft gear wheels 24 and 26 are rotatable the hubs 2'7 and 28 of which are formed with coupling jaws adapted for engagement with a coupling member 29 shiftable and non-rotatable on-the shaft 23, the said coupling-member'being engaged by an arm :30 acted uponby-anelectromagnet 13 and a spring 31 tending to shift: the coupling member. 29 in 'oppositexdirectionsj and into engagement either'with thehub 27ior with the hub 28; The gear wheel .24 is in engagement with a gear wheel 20 secured to a shaft 22 mounted in the bracket 65 and a bracket66. .Thegear wheel 26 is in-mesh with an. intermediategear wheel 25 mountedin the brackets 65 and 66 and meshing with a gear .wheel21 secured-to thesheft 22.: Thus when rotating the said shaft 22 the gear wheels .24 and 26 are rotated in opposite die rections. Theshaft 22 is adapted to. be. coupled with a shaft 19 continuously rotated from'anelectro'motor:36 through the intermediaryof pulleys 67 and 37 and a belt 18. The-clutch connecting the shafts'19 and 22 comprises .a disk 17. keyed to the shaft22 and a disk38 keyed tothe ;shaft;l9, and it is controlled by. an electromagnet .12 the armature 14 of. which is adapted torocka bell crank iever l5intoandout'of engagement with the clutch 17,38. Armatureliisconnected by pinfi-and' slot connection 84, 85to a bell-crank lever 15 :and thevarmature is normally drawn down; wardly by a spring 83, thelever being movedin one direction when "the electro magnet isenergized and in the contraryv direction-when the electro-magnet is deenergized the first movement connectingthe one-rotation coupling-17, 33 whereas the. other places the bent end of the bell-crank lever in-position, or engagement withthe finger 70 iorunclutching thecoupling. is shown in Figs. 3 andia thedisk 38 is formedwith a flange 68 embracing a reduced portion 69 of-the disk 17, and the said flangeis formed with notches 38 In a'bore of the disk 17a cylindricalkey 16 is rockingly mounted w hich extends jwitha semicylindrical end 16 into 'a correspondingrece's's of the portion69 of the disk 17 and'int'o'position for engagement'with the notches 38 "To the key 16 a'b1ock'70is secured which is in position for'en gagement with the bell crank lever 15; and which acted upon by a spring 71 tending to rock the same with its cylindrical portion 16 *int0- locking enga ement withthe recesses 38 v j v Ihejelectromag'net '12 is included inacircuit comprising a source of electric energy andtwo mercury contacts 10. A pair of mercurycontacts 11 are included inan electric circuit comprising the said source of electric energy and both'elec'- tromagnets 12 and 13.

. The' mercury contacts and 11 arelocatedat opposite sides of one of the pillarsfiifl'on down,

' Since'fthe yarn is notj ur'iiforministructure but w r-(1 extensions 52"and' 53 of brackets '52 and 53 respeotively and' they cooperate each with a contact makin'gbridge- 9 mounted on a lever :18 roc'kinglv suspended --r-rom the "brackets '52 and 53 respectively. a 'Ihe levers 8 "are --made integral with downwardly directed arms-7 carrying' inwardly-and downwardlyinclined abutnient's 6 located in the' pathsof pins 5 secured totheoppositeendsofthe levers; If therefore the leverl .3 i'srccked' with one of -*-its ends downwardlythe" corresponding pit-i- 5 engages one of the =ahutm'e'nts '6 located one above the- "other, thus rocking the corresponding lever- 8 mt'o' position for closing the mercury-contacts 10 or 11. i

' -Contacts 86, 87 are provided on the bed plate of the machine for'connection to-a sourceof-current.; A 'conductor*88 leads from the contact'8 6 to the right-hand well ot-the mercury switch lo and the conductor" 89 leads'from the left hand wellof the switch to electro-ma'gnet' l2. A return c'onductor 90 returns "from magnet m to original-contactt'kjj 1 1; The conductor '88 is 1 connected to the righthand well of switch ll by means ofa branch' QI- From the left well ofthis switch acondu'ctor 92 leads to the electroma'g'nea-B- whosei-winding is connected tothe conductor89 by means of conductor 93m The circuit formedon closing the switch 11, conductor-'92, winding of-"el'ectro-mag net l3, conductors 93- and-'89, windingoif electromagnet 12,conductor 90', conta'ct 8'75 7 If theswitch 10 is closed, the magnet 12- will be energized whereuponthe clutch ofFigsx3 and 4-will be engaged. "The reversible coupl-ing--'29 remains in the position shown in'Fig. 2 inwhich the teeth of--reversible clutch member; 295 e'nga'ge the" teeth of hub 28 on'gear '26.1"=If-hbwver"the switch 11' is closed then in addition tothe magnet'l2, the magnet 13 is also energized so that addition to the closing of the clutch of Figs. 3and 4 the reversible clutch member 29 is moved 'so as to bring its teethintoengagement-with the teeth of hub 2'7 of gear 23 whereby the direction of rotationof shaft z3 'is' re versed In the operation of theapparatus 'the yarn to I be tested is 'continuously'supplied through the wardly," and; if a weak portion of theijfarnpassS through the apparatus it is brokenby' the weight or the pul ey- 2*. The-hunters: thebr eaks-occurringLinacertairrlength of va t'es the duality or-tne material,

rather has thick placesand thin" places "of 1 sub 'stantial 1 length (that 151 its number, varies') 1 r the stretching of the yarn through the action. of the weight 4' is-notuniform'. I In case the yarn-"should unusually fine for a considerable slengthi it will stre'tch beyond the normal and soth'e pull'ey 2 will 'sinky if the yarn is unusuallyt thick and stro'ng 'for a',=-considerable length then thestretch is less and-the pulleyr-will ris'e.- For regulating-the feeding imcvement 'ofthe members 34 and 59 so that the pulley 2 remains substantially at the'same height; the drum 34; 54 'is' adapted to vbe shifted l2 is"ener'gizeci; and the hell -.crank lever 15- is rocked into position for releasing the block 'lll which therefore-is 'rocke'd' by the spring fll into the position in which: the key 16 'couples the disks 17 and 38: 1 Thereupon' the shaft ".l9 'irnparts ro= tary movement to the shaft' 22 and -the gear Wheels 20'" and 2 1' carried i thereby whioh 'irotary movement is transmitted" to the -gear wheels 24 and :26 rotating in opposite directions. The elec tromagnet 13- isnot "energized and there'forethe coupling member 29 rer'nains'in engagement with the 'hub '28 of gear I wheel 26;: and I rotary 'movement is transmitted by: the said coupling I memberto the shaft 23;'the =gearing- 32 and-the shaft 33;the-said' shaft bein "rotated in a-'direction for w shifting the drum 3'4; 54.1in -a'- direction" for.- plac- I ing the -yarn '1 on az portion ofthe conical part 340i .increased-diameterflso thatthe said conical partfeeds' the yarn at increased. velocity. .-,When the pulley-has beenelevated;-and .th'e pin15: has released the-abutment 6; :the'; lever. ,:8 returnskto normal position in which. the circuit of the electromagnet 1-2- 5. is .fl-bIOkBII' i at the terminals 1; 10: Now the bell A crankzlever 1-15 a-returnsuintojjinitial position and it iszvengagedisby the block 'l.0;aafter a-ecomplet'e rotationof theidisk 38,;sogthatgthe block .-.-7.0 iswrecked;againstithetension lot the springs--71 :1, into position :;for tdisconnecting the disks 17 and38.:

-;If:lthe pulley. 24s; lifted at; loop or the 5am il'above =.the ;normal:;p'osi.tion due to a heavier and stronger length ;of; ='yarn: which stretches; less than the preceding. length of yarn, the lefthand pin 5 engages the 1. cooperating abutment 6 and itsrocksithe' lever .8. with its bridge-9 downwardly and. into position e-for closing-wthecontacts 11.

The ,icircuit oftsaidcontacts includes b'othelectromagnets-12: and 313: v and thereforegthe. gear. wheels 24 and '26, :areyrotated' ;-from: the :electromotor: 36 inthetmanner described above. rHoweverbyrea-I soniofsthe.energizationpf;theqelectromagnet: 13 w r I the coupling member; 294 is caused-etc engage the hub 27? of :the gear (wheel :'24,pso' thatzthe shaft 23, the. gearing 132= andzthe shaft-z33aare,operated in a: I direotionu opposite to :that 1: described; above and the conical pbrtion-345zofrathe drumrmoves into a position for engaging the yarnrli with a part oft-reduced :diameter,.;therefore:the feed v of the yarn'sby the zsaid-lconieal portion ',-i s-reduced as compared atmthezfeedlo'yithe';v cylindrical portion 54' and the pulley sinks-intonormallpositionz I'he" electromagnet l3 'acts only as long .i as 5' the 29 into engagement ;-with1,=the-hub 27, and rotary V movement ofthescoupling memben29 is started,

the. pin :35 .engagescat the-rear of,..:the dance of thejcoupling member, so: that it prevents the said couplingmember fromvibeingi-retracted by the spring 31. into normal-position and through-the recess 40 before -thej.coupling.- membeiphas, pere formed a complete rotation-...-,; y g The shafts 33Vand 23 shouldrotateaslongas the lever B is moregthan a-. minimum distance from horizontal position. it bein remembered that thetotal oscillation of.-lever 3, is, only through asmall arc. The lever whenat. rest. should be in substantially horizontal position; wherein the circuits, throughy mercuryicups 10:" and 11, are broken. Preferably the driveis stoppedas soon as possible afterthelevenhas startedback toward-horizontal position (i.- e.,,,'as soon. as 1 the circuit is broken-whichwasclosed by the move.- ment of. lever ,3 duetto undue. tension or slackness of theyarn) butitis. not deisrable tocontinue the drive until the lever is horizontal, as-

this would .continue the rotation [of shaft .33' too long and solwould: overroompensate for the previous tension'or slacknessofithe yarn. .The parts are therefore :so proportionedithateither lever! will break .thecircuitthrough its Jmercury cups shortly after the leverz3. starts its'return toward normal,.but the lever 3 willbe moved? very nearly to normal horizontalpositionrby reason of the fact that shafts 22 and 23 must-eachcontinue to rotate until. the end' of a full rotation, shaft 23 rotating until notch 40 is opposite pin35-and shaft 22l rotating until block strikes lever 15.-

Notch 40 and 'clutch*member"70 bear a flxed relation to 'one another since gears 20:andl24, as well as 21 and:'26,- have respectively the same number of teeth, 'so that a rotation of one shaft requires a rotation of the other; Shaft 22 .is stopped after one rotation-by' reas'on of itssinglerotation clutch, and so -shaft=23:is also stopped in sucha position as to bringnotch iO-oppoSite pin 35; After the-clutch member 29=is released by'pin 35, it'1'can only: besetin rotation again by I operation 5 of lever 15 to release. clutch. member '70 and permitthe' one-revoiution clutch 38'17 to be clutched in.- Shafts23 and 22 are held against relative rotation by. ears 25 and 21,; as l gears 26. and l: have t'thesame'num-v ber of teeth and as the icldtch-BBs-l'l can only be unclutched aftera completeirotati'onthe shaft 23 can only stop. after a full-rotation. Therefore shaft 23 can only stop in axpositionwhere notch 40 is oppositepm 35, -an'disso: clutch member 29 can be engaged with clutchi member.:2l-again by the operation of 'electromagnetd m IClflilfll-- i inn-Mg;

v 1; An apparatus forctesting'iyamgor the like. comprising .means 'forl'continuously ieeding the yarn to be tested; said' means, .includingtaadevice for uniformly feeding :the yarngand aashiftable conical rolleriabout which thelyarnis trained'ior feeding the: yarnpla .weightedabodyebeagrina On; :a

loop ofvyamwlocatedbetween said devicejand conical roller, and automatic ,means controlled by said weighted body for sl'iiftingsaid conical roller. and the yarn engaged thereby relatively; to each other.

2..An apparatus for testing yarn or like,

comprising means for continouosly feeding-the yarn to betested, said means includinga-oylindrical roller-anda conical roller about which the yarn is trained a weighted body bearing on the portiomof said yarn located between said rollers, and automatic means =controlled by. said Weighted body- ..for shifting said yarn and conical roller relatively to each other axially of said conical roller. 1

apparatus for testing yarn;or thelike, comprising means for continuously'feeding the yarn to be tested,.said means including a cylindrioal'rollerand a conical roller about which the yarn istrained, .a screw threaded. shaft carrying said conical roller, a relatively fixedpart in which said shaft screws,- a weightedbody bearing on the part of said yarn located betweensaid rollers, and automatic means; controlledby-said weighted body-for turning said; shaft. .1 4. An apparatus for testingyarns-or the like, comprising .a devicefor,l1n ,forml feeding the yarn and a. conical roller for variably, feeding the yarn,= a screw-threaded d spindle 0n. which said conical roller is loosely mounted, a relatively fixed part in screwing engagement withisaid screwthreaded spindle, a weightedbody bearing onthe part of theyarn located betweenisaid deviceand the conical Ioller, andautomaticmeans controlled by said weighted body. ,for.turni ng said screwthreaded spindle, saidautomatic means comprising a,.c0ntinuously rotating driving member, a driven member, coupling means intermediate ,said driving and, driven members for transmitting one or moreoomplete rotations to said driven-meme ber, including oppositely rotating gears, for, said driventmembenfor turning, it respectivelyin opposite directions, and means for coupling either one of said gears to said driven memberand to said screw=threaded spindle to rotate said spindle. apparatus for testingyarn or the like, comprising means adapted to" .engagethe yarn at spaced. parts of, its length and I tqfeed. the same, a; w i ted. n yadapt d n a e th arn at the -portion; lo'cated between said parts for putting thesame under constant tension, automaticmeans, controlled by said weighted body for varying the relative feed of the yarn at thesaid parts, said-automatic means comprising a driving member, adriven, member, electrical means for connectingsaid driving and driven. members, said means including a oircuit, a switch, included in the circuit-of the said electricalmeans andcomprising arockable switchlever inclined abutments on said switchlever, and a levercarrying said weighted body and adapted to engage .said inclined abutment; for rocking ,saidswitch lever. 6. In a yarn testing machine a constant feed for a rnre v iab ed o a ry r n l ing a taperedpulley and means for pressingthe Yar a t i se w meenabe e n a dw e d n ime n a qr, exe t n e ns a en, on the yarn, and means .controlled by' the movement of said tensioning means WhB l -it causes slack in the yam. i changing the point; of contact of Said. 17a h. id,-taii nu iel i l e ul t maths te of ie fl lene 'arn.-..-. 7. Ina yarn testing machine, a constantfeed for a yarn, a variable feedfor said yarn' mmam a tapered pulley'and' means for ,pressing thefyarn against its surface, means between said two feeding means for exerting constant tension-on the yarn, a constantly driven member, disengageable connections from said constantly driven member for moving the pulley either to carry the yarn toward its smaller end or toward its larger end, and a means controlled by movement of said tensioning means when it causes slack in the yarn for determining the time of engagement of said connections and the direction in which the pulley is moved thereby.

8. In a yarn testing machine, a constant feed for a yarn, a variable feed for said yarn including a shiitable tapered pulley and means for press- 

